Lock core



April 27,1948. l F, i.; BEST 2,440,432

Locx com:

original Filed Jan'. s, 1942 4 sheets-sheet 2 pr 27, i948. F; E. Bras-r 2,440,432

Locx com;

original Filed Jam.V a, 1942 4 sheets-sheet 4 @u ma Patented Apr. 27, 1948 LOCK CGRE Frank Ellison Best, Indianapolis, Ind.

@riginal application .l'anuary 8, 1942, Serial No. 425,952. Divided and this application January 15, 1945, Serial No. 572,905

(Cl. 'Y0-375) 25 Claims. 1

Nature and objects This is a divisional application of my co-pending application on Unpickable lock, ledvJanuary 8, 1942, Serial No. 425,952, now abandoned.

This invention relates to locks of the type provided with the lock-controlled assembly feature in which a primary lock mechanism, called a core, is adapted to be locked in a receptacle of a complementary lock mechanism of a secondary nature, called a housing, by key means.

This invention is directed to improvements in core means and the principal objects are to pro vide a core in which:

l. The core is of generally cylindrical form adapted to fit and function in a housing having a generally cylindrical receptacle.

2. The tumblers are of the flat ring type adapted to be compactly stacked, along with interspersed spacer rings, to form a cylindrical stack on the outside of a rear portion of said core, for easy manual assembly and disassembly particularly desired to facilitate the changing of the combinations thereof.

3. The tumblers are retained in operative position on said core by snap ring means that can be easily removed and replaced in the manual re-combination of said core.

4. Said stack of ring tumblers alternately interspersed with spacer rings, surround keyWay means, a locking bar, locking bar Way means and groove means, the latter being adapted to` accommodate lugs on the spacer rings to prevent their relative rotation about said core, said spacer rings being adapted to frictionally drive said tumblers at times and permit their sliding thereon at other times, forth and back, in arcuate paths, in the functioning of the said core.

Description of figures I attain these and other objects by means disclosed in the accompanying drawings, in which:

1 is a view in longitudinal section taken substantially on broken lines l--l of Figs. 2 to 17 inclusive showing a core constructed in accordance with my invention, said core being shown in its operative relation to a housing and having a key inserted therein in the position it would occupy preparatory to operating the said core.

Fig. 2 is a cross section taken on broken line 2-2 of Fig. 1.

Fig. 3 isa cross section taken on broken line 3 3 of Fig. 1.Y

Fig. 4 is a cross section taken on broken line 4 4 of Fig. 1.

2 Fig. 5 is a cross section taken on broken line 5-5 of Figs. 1, 18 and 22.

Fig. 6 is a cross section taken on broken lines ifi-6 of Figs. 1, 18 and 22.

Fig. 7 is a cross section taken on broken lines 1 7 of Figs. l, 18, 20, 21 and 22.

Fig. 8 is a cross section taken on broken lines i-8 of Figs. 1, 18, 20, 21 and 22.

Fig. 9v is a cross section taken on broken lines 9 2 of Figs. 1, 18, 20, 21vand 22.

Fig. 10 is a cross section taken on broken lines hl-ll of Figs. l, 18, 20, 21 and 22'.

Fig. 11 is a cross section taken on broken lines 'II--H 0f Figs. l, 18, 20 and 21.

Fig. 12 is a cross section taken on broken lines lill2 of Figs. l, 18, 20 and 21.

Fig. 13 .is a cross section taken on broken lines i3--l3 of Figs. 1, 18, 20 and 21.

Fig. 14 isa cross section taken on broken lines lli-E4 of Fig. 1.

Fig. 15 is a cross section taken on broken line 15--15 of Fig. 1.

Fig. 16 is a cross section taken on broken line 15-15 of Fig. 1.

Fig. 17 is a sectional development taken on broken line l-I'I of Fig. 1 and on-a smaller scale than the preceding figures, a portion of the face plate of the lock being omitted.

Fig. 18 is a fragmentary sectional developnient taken on broken lines IB-I of Figs. 5, 6, 7, 8, 9, 10, 11, 12, 13, 14, 20 and 21.

Fig. 19 is a diagram illustrating the cycle of operation of the key in this core.

Fig. 20 is a fragmentary sectional develop-A ment taken on broken line 2li-2l) of Figs. 7,`

8, 9, 10, 11 and 18.

Fig. 2l is a fragmentary sectional develop,- ment taken on broken line lil- 2| of Figs. '7, 8, 9, 10, 1l and 18.

Fig. 22 is a fragmentary sectional develop- Structural description Figs. 1 to Z5 Figs. 1 to 25 inclusive disclose a lock comprising a rlool: housing, a core, illustrating this encienso invention", and a key adapted for cooperation with said core, said key having a combinated portion, herein termed the key bit, that is detachable from the body portion of the key, herein termed the key blade. The primary lock mechanism shown to the right of the end plate Hill, in Fig. 1, constitutes the core illustrating this invention, the skeleton of which is shown exploded in Fig. 24.

Figs. 1 to 17 inclusive show a cylindrical housing i9 that is open at the outer end and preferably has an integral or rigidly connected end wall di, Figs. 1 and 17.

Preferably the housing Q is internally provided adjacent the outer end with an annular shoulder 42, Figs. 1 and 17, for supporting a disc portion YE53 of the face member 63 of the core, as hereinafter described.

Five annular rows of inwardly projecting rigid lugs are provided in the housing di) with the outermost' or first annular row of lugs positioned near the open end of said housing and each succeeding annular row of lugs spaced from the preceding annular row longitudinally of the housing. These annular rows of lugs are best shown in the sectional development, Fig. 17.

The rst row of lugs, shown at the right in Fig. 17, are numbered dild, d5, it and il respectively; the second row of lugs are numbered 48, t9 and 5i! respectively; the third row of lugs are numbered 5l, 52, 5t, 54, 55 and 5S respectively; the fourth row oi lugs are numbered 51, 58V and 59 respectively; and the iiith row of lugs are numbered Sil, Si and 62 respectively. The functions of the lugs i3 to t2 inclusive are hereinafter fully described.

The skeleton of the core,l Fig. 24, comprises a face member 63, a longitudinally movable bolt member Bil, an inner body member 65, an outer body member 65 and a throw member t1. The numerals 63, 6d, E5, and till designate these members generally in Fig. 241.'y Said members are shown in exploded relation in Fig. 24 and in telescoped or assembled relation in Fig. l.- Each of said members is made up ofy a number of related. parts or portions and the tumblers, which are preferably of ring-plate type, are assembled on the members t5 and 66 after these parts have been tel'escoped together, as hereinafter explained.

The face member 63 is preferably of one piece construction to provide great strength and offer great resistance to the application of force used for the purpose of destroying the core or gaining access through it.

This face member @3 comprises a disc portion 68 of large enough diameterv to seat against the shoulder d'2. The disc portion 5t' is omitted in Fig- 17 to avoid confusion. An annular row of individually spaced apart, outwardly protruding lugsY 69, 7U, 1l, 'i2 and 13, see Figs. l, 14, 17 and 24 are rigid with the face member 63 and spaced inwardly from the disc portion [it a distance at least slightly more than the width of the housing lugs 43 to S1 so that they may bev engaged back ofV the, housing lugs i3 to @l when the disc portion @8 rests against the shoulder d2 and is against or closely adjacent to the lugs 43 to fil inclusive.

The face member 63 is provided, on the inner side, with a tubular sleeve M that is adapted to t over a shank. 15, on the end of the inner body member E5, see Figs. 1, 12, 13, 1li, 15 and 24. Preferably the outer end of the shank 'i5 has a counterbore 16 therein, Fig. 2e, that its over a cylindrical bearing portion 11, Fig. 15, which is formed within the sleeve 14', see also dotted lines, Fig. 1.

This counterbore 'i6 and bearing portion 'il help to provide a better bearing; and particularly cooperate to prevent the two side portions of the shank 15, which are separated by a keyway 15, from being pinched together. Dowel pins i9 in holes 218 secure the relatively telescopic sleeve M and shank 'l5 together, see Figs. 1, 12, 13 and 2li, the holes for these dowel pins being shown in Fig. 24.

The keyway i8 extends through the face member 53 and inner body member et and is similarly numbered in these two parts. The cross sectional shape of this keyway may be varied to conform tothe cross sectional shape of the keys to be used.

A portion Si) of the keyway is formed in the outer` body member Eli. rThis portion 8i) is separately numbered and has inwardly projecting ribs 8| at the location where it intersects the lower curved surface of the outer body member E5, see' Figs. 8, 9l and 24.

A key receiving notch 84 is provided in the end of a tubular portion 82 of the throw member 6l'. A throw lug 83, having the curved cross sectional shape shownI inA Figs. 3, 41 and 24, is provided on the4 end portion oi'the throw member 91'. The

curvature of the throw lug 83 prevents the gearmember lili-i12 from being reversed or turned upside down in assembly.

A stepped portion 85 is provided on an end flange 813 of the inner body member e5 and around the base of the shank l5, see Figs. 24 and 1l. The inner end of the sleeve 'lllabuts against this stepped portion B5 and plate 2id of the outer body member when the members 68, F55, iid and 63 are in assembled relation. The stepped portion 85 is shown in section in Fig. 11 and the end ange iiY is shown in elevation in Fig. 1l and in section in Fig. 10.

End flange has a rear arcuate projection Sill that is rectangular in cross section adapted to form-fit rectangular arcuate groove 96 in circular end portion 92 of outer body member $6, Figuresv 9 and 24.

The inner member 65 has a tumbler-carrying portion 8T that is rigid with the end flange 85 and extends inwardly therefrom. The portion 81 is of the general cross section shape shown in Figs. 7, 8 and 9 throughout the major portion of its length.

Two-pronged shankV 89 (of inner body member B5, Fig. 24) which is divided into prongs by keyway '18, protrudes from the inner end portion of the tumbler-carrying portion 81 and is adapted to telescope into two mating holes extending lengthwise through the tubular portion d2 of throw member 51.

The metal forming the juncture of these holes with the at surface at their innermost end is rounded off slightly so that each prong of shank 39 may be peened, in assembly, to fill the cavity thus formed as at 219, Fig. 1, to thus secure the f assembled' parts in rigid integrality as. by riveting.

A rib im, see Figs. 1 and 5, is provided inthe' rib 90 for purposes hereinafter explained.

f The outer body member 96, Fi'g. 24, has a circular end portion 92 that has a large opening 93 therethrough to receive the inner body member 65. A lug 94 projects outwardly from the end portion 92 and is notched on its under side to form a shoulder 95. A groove 99 is provided in the end portion 92 and extends under the lug 94. The function of parts 94, 95 and 99 are hereinafter explained in connection with the operation of key means.

The movable bolt member 64 comprises a crescent shaped end plate 91 that is provided with three lugs 98, 99 and |90 on its peripheral portion. The lugs 98, 99 |00, see Figs. 13, 17 and 24, are adapted to cooperate with the set of xed housing lugs 48, 49 and 50 and the set of xed housing lugs 5|, 52, 53, 54, 55 and 56 in controlling rotary movement of the members, as hereinafter explained.

The end plate 91 has a number of relatively large and strong pins |9| protruding outwardly therefrom that are adapted to fit within holes |92 in the face member 93, see Figs. 1`, 14, 15 and 24, when the bolt member 64 vis in a position adjacent the face member 93 as shown in Fig. 1. I have shown three of said pins or lugs and have shown them to be integral with the end plate 91.

The pins |9| form a very strong and rugged connectionv to resist torque and prevent said torque from being transmitted to the other parts of the lock in the event a screw driver or like instrument is inserted in the keyway 18 of the face member 93 and force applied to turn the same while the lugs 98, 99 and |99 are in engagement with the housing lugs 48, i9 and 59.

The end plate 91 of the bolt member 64 carries an inwardly protruding rigid bar extension |93 and an inwardly protruding rigid tube |04. The barextension |93 and tube |94 telescope into a notch |95 and a bore |06 respectively in the inner body member 95 when the members are in assembled relation, see Figs. 1, 7, ,8, 9, 10, 11 and 24. The tube |94 has a compression spring |01 therein. One end portion of the spring |01 seats in a recess |98, Fig. 1, in portion 98 of face member 63 and the other end portion 0f the spring |01 presses against the closed inner end portion of the tube |94. The spring |91 is thus caused to exert a yielding inward pressure on the movable bolt member 99 with the outer end portion of the spring abutting against the face member 83.

The bar extension 193,-Figs. 7, 8, 9, 10, l1, 12, 18, 29, 21 and 24, is cut away on the right hand side, as respects the showing in Figs. 7 to 12, and 24, and carries an end piece 2|2 riveted thereto at 2| 3, Fig. 18, to provide for the reception of a lock control bar |09. Parts ||0 of the bar extension |03 and end piece 2|2 overhang the end portions of the lock control bar |09, see Figs. 18 and 24, for holding said lock control bar so that it maybe moved transversely as respects the bar extension |93. Part 2|2 is riveted to bar extension |93 after members 94 and 95 are assembled.

The lock control bar |99 has inclined ribs provided on the side thereof that is directed outwardly away from the bar extension |93 and the inclined ribs are adapted to cooperate with inclined ribs H2 which are formed on the wall of the notch |05 in the inner body member 65, see Figs 8, 18, and 20, so that when the bar extension ,|93 is moved longitudinally the lock control bar |99 will not only be moved longitudi-V 6 nally therewithbut will also be moved transversely ofthe bar extension |03.

Also it is to be noted that transverse movement of the lock control bar |09 controls the longitudinal movement of the bar extension |93 and bolt member 69. Due to the cooperation of the inclined ribs and |2 the transverse movement of the lock control bar |99 will always be a parallel movement and said lock control bar |99' x bar |98 which makes this parallel movement of said lock control bar |09 necessary is hereinafter described in connection with the mechanism with which it cooperates.

The end portion 92 of the outer body member 99 has three lugs H3, ||4 and ||5 on its peripheral portion as shown in Figs. 1, 9, 10, 17 and 24. The lugs H3, ||'4 and ||5, Fig. 17, are positioned in an annular path between the set of housing lugs 5| to 56 inclusive and the set of housing lugs 51 to 59 inclusive. The lugs H3, H9, and ||5 cooperate with housing lugs 5| to 58 inclusive-and housing lugs 51, 58 and 59 to prevent endwlse displacement of the outer body memberGS in the housing 40.

The outer body member 66 has a portion H3 extending inwardly from the end portion 92 and of a cross sectional shape as shown in Fig. 8. This body portion has an outwardly extending ange |11, shown `at the left in Figs. 8 and 24, that is provided with two radial shoulders ||8 and H9. Shoulder H8 engages with shoulder |28 of the portion `81 of the inner body member 65 while shoulder H9 engages with surfaces |50 of tumblers |46;

To the right of the shoulder |9 for a substantial distance, as respects the showing in Figs. 8 and 24, the portion |16 is cut away for a distance and then made wedge shaped to provide a key bit operating space 308, see Fig. 8, and to the right of this key bit operating space the portion H9 is of uniform thickness and finally this thicker portion terminates in a radial stop shoulder |20 positioned, preferably, diametrically opposite to the radial face or shoulder ||8.

The portion ||6 terminates at its inner end in a plate like portion |2| of substantially semicircular shape, see Figs. 1, 7 and 24. This` plate like portion |2|' has a notch 299 to facilita'teassembly of tumblers |49 which notch may be lled, after the tumblers are in place, by a form-fitting block 2 i9, which, in common with plate like portion |2i has a groove |22 in the peripheral portion for the reception of a resilient lock ring |23 preferably of ring type, Figs. 1 and 7. The portion 81 of the inner body member 65 has aV recess |29 to receive the inturned inner end portion |25 of the lock ring |23.

The portion H9 of the outer body member 66 has a longitudinally moving locking slide 39 provided therein, see Figs. 7, 8, 9, 22 and 23. The

` inner end portion |3| of the locking slide |30,

aieofiea see Figs, 6 and 22, when the locking slide |35 occupies the position shown in Figs. 22 and 23. When the core i-s in operation the locking slide |3i2, will, at certain times, be moved to the right from the position shown in Figs. 22 and 23 so that the tip of the inner end portion I3| will follow a ilat surface |35 and the tip of the plate portion |33 will follow a parallel flat surface |31, shown in Fig. 22.

The outer end of the locking slide I 35 has a frustro-conical end portion I'S, that is adapted to lock into a correspondingly shapedrecess |39 in the end ilange 85 under certain operating conditions hereinafter described.

The end plate Mil, see Figs. 1 and 5, has three spaced lugs iiii on its periphery. The lugs |4| fit between the housing lugs Sli, 6I and 62 and prevent rotation of the end plate Id@ in the houslng.

In addition to the cam surface 35 the end plate |46 has two other inclined cam surfaces M2, H23 on the side thereof adjacent the lock mechanism, see Figs. l, 6, 18 Aand 22. The flat surface I35 cooperates with the end portion of end piece 252 carried by the bar extension |03 to hold said bar extension It and the parts connected therewith in the position in which they are shown in Fig. 18, when the body members are in their initial or starting position. The end of end piece 2|2 carried by thev bar extension |83 has a beveledsurface |55 thereon for engagement with the inclined cam surfaces M2 and M3 as hereinafter described.

The cam surface |35 in cooperation with wedge shaped recess |32 and flat surface |31 controls endwise movement of the locking slide E38 to lock the outer body member 55- either to the end plate l ai! or to the inner body member 65.

The cam surface |42, in cooperation with the lock control bar G59, governs longitudinal movement of the movable bolt member 54, Fig. 24, and thus cooperates in governing movement of the lugs t8, @9 and |65 into and out of the path of the housing lugs 5, i9 and 523, Fig. 17.

The cam surface |53 in cooperation with the lock control bar lili! governs movement of the bolt member 563 in moving the lugs 98, S9 and |50 into and out of alignment with the stop lugs to 56 inclusive.

An inclined surface Ulli is provided adjacent the cam surface M3 and the clearance space 38 of the end plate litt is recessed to provide clearance for bar extension |93 and lock control bar it as hereinafter described.

The end plate Idil has a stop member provided therein that is adapted to be engaged by a lug I2? which is rigid with and protrudes endwise from the inner body member 55 to limit the rotary movement of said inner body member 65 to substantially one hundred eighty degrees.

In assembling the elements of this lock core, most of which are `shown in Fig. 24, it is advised to proceed as follows: with end piece 2 I2 removed and lock control bar l G9 in place, telescope membersr 5t and 65 and rivet 2'52 in place. Then with plate 2I6 and pins 2Il1 removed and locking slide |33 in place, telescope members 61% and '65 into member 55 and rivet member 5l to the end of member 55. Then slide plate 2|5 sidewise into place and secure with pins 2 l1. Lastly telescope sleeve 'i4 of member 63 over shank 'I5 of member 65 and pin with pins 79 in pin holes EIS.

When these parts are telescoped together they constitute an uncombinated core which forms a support of generally cylindrical shape for the reception of a plurality of tumblers I 46 and a plurality of tumbler spacers Uil, both preferably of substantially ring shape. InFig. 1 I have shown nine tumblers |46 and ten of the spacers |51. Obviously a greater or lesser number of tumblers and spacers may be used.

The tumblers M3 in the unccmbinated form are all of duplicate construction. A cross section, in a plane parallel with the flat sides of the tumbler, through one of these tumblers, after being combinated by the insertion of notches |52 and |53 therein, is shown in Fig. 8. Each tumbler |65 has an inwardly protruding portion |48 that has a plurality of stepped shoulders |45 on one side thereof arranged and shaped so thatV they look like inverted stair steps when viewed from the position shown in Fig. 8.

Preferably the number of shoulders |49 correspond to one less than the number of increments in combinating the tumblers of the lock core. In the present illustration, in Figs. l to 25 inclusive, I have shown nine of the shoulders |49. Hence ten increments are used incombinating this lock, and the available combinations of the lock core follow the formula of 10n where n represents the number of tumblers of the core. Thus inI a nine tumbler lock core of ten increments per tumbler, as shown, there are one billion combinations avail'- able.

The portion Hi8 of each tumbler has a surface |59 positioned opposite to the shoulders |49; This edge |56 is preferably straight and radial and is adapted to be engaged bythe shoulder H9 of the ange I H of the outer body member.

Each tumbler Ilfi is further provided, at a location approximately diametrically opposi-te from the stepped portion Hi8, with `an inwardly extending widened portion 55| of substantial length, as shown in Fig. 8. Each widened portion |5| is provided with one or more relatively deep notches |52; and the widened portion |5f| of at least one tumbler of each core is provided with a relatively shallow notch |53. Preferably several tumblers |45 of each lock core are provided with one or more of the shallow notches |53 for reasons hereinafter explained. The notches |52 and |53 are the combinated portions of the tumblers and their positions in each instance are determined by the lbitting of the key and they are adapted to receive the hereinbefore described lock control bar |59.

Gbviously one or more dummy tumblers can be used, in a lock core, that are not provided with inwardly extending wider portions |5I, where the security of the lock is relatively unimportant.

The spacers I lil are of L-shaped cross section, as shown in Fig. l, each of said spacers IM having a ange |54 that extends over the peripheral portion of one adjacent tumbler and frictionally engages said tumbler and helps to hold the spacer and tumbler in a correct position relativeto each other; Also each spacer |111l is internally provided with an inwardly protruding lug |55, shown at the left in Fig. 8, that projects into a groove |55 in the inner body member 65, the groove |55 being clearly shown in Fig. 9. Preferably the lugs |55 are integral with the spacersA |47 andV have their edges bent over so that saidv lugs are of U shape in cross section, as shown in Fig. 8. This gives the lugs greaterl strength and more bearing surface in the groove |56. The lugs connect the spacers |41 with the inner core member 65 in such a manner that alll of the spacers 41 will be rotative-ly moved along with the inner core member 65.

The tumblers |48 and spacers |41 are assembled between the end portion 92 at one end, and the resilient lock ring |23, at the other end, see Fig. 1, and are frictionally held under enough endwise and radial pressure so that rotary movement of the spacers |41 will move the tumblers |46 unless said t'Lmblers are otherwise restrained from movement. Radial friction on the circumferential portions of the tumblers |48 may be provided by the overhanging flanges |54 of the spacers |41, which may be extended lengthwise of the core beyond the extension shown to completely infold and hide the tumblers |49 on the outside.

The tumblers |49 and spacers |41 are quickly and easily assembled on members S and 56 and are as quickly and as easily disassembled by iirst removing the lock ring |23 and then block 2|8. Thus it is easy to remove the tumblers |48 in the event the combination or combinations of the lock core are to be changed. In practice, block 2|!) may be dispensed with or made integral with' lock ring |23.

The overhanging flange |54 of the spacers |41 extend over the peripheral portions of the tumblers |46 and shield and protect said tumblers and prevent them from coming in contact with any of the adjacent parts of the core or housing. These flanges may be extended to completely overhang and hide the exterior of said tumblers if desired.

As the bar extension |83 is required to pass downwardly over the cam surface |43 and beyond said cam, for ordinary lock operation, it is necessary to provide the clearance space 38 in the end plate |49 in order to provide clearance for end piece 2|2 carried on the end portion of said bar extension |83. Also when the lock contro-l bar |89 is positioned in its outermost radial position in a set of deep notches |52 the end portion of said lock control bar will just clear the inclined surface |48 and be positioned in the clearance space 38 as the end of bar extension |83 moves beyond cam surface |43, Fig. 6.

The throw means, Figs. 1, 2, 3, 4 and 5 of this lock, is positioned between the plate member |48 and the end 4| of the housing. This throw means includes primary throw lug 83, certain gears and gear segments and secondary throw member |59 that are arranged to provide lost motion before and after the secondary lock-operating cycle, employed to unlock a secondary lock mechanism.

Key

A key for operating this core is shown in Figs.

1 and 25 and cross sections of said key are shown` in Figs. 6 to 10 inclusive. This key comprises a blade |88 having the usual lobe |8 on its outer A notch |84 is provided in the blade |88 a short distance forwardly of the shouldered portion |82 for engagement with the previously described lug S4 on the circular end portion 92, see Figs. 1, 11`

and 24. Figs. 10 and l1 both show that this lug 84 is clear of the keyway 18 when the Imembers 84, 65 and 68 of the core are in the position they will occupy at the time the key is inserted therein or removed therefrom. After the key has been The portions |80 and |82 are` l0 inserted and as so-on as clockwise movement of said key is initiated it will be engaged with the lug 94 and cannot thereafter be withdrawn from the core until it is turned back into the initial or starting position.

The key blade |88 is provided with two longitudinally spaced apart notches |86 and |81 for the reception of a separable combinated portion |88 herein referred to as a key bit. overhanging portions |89 and |98 are provided in connection with the respective notches |88 and |81 to engage with lugs |9| and |92 on the respective ends of the separable key bit |88.

The bitted edge of the key bit is a series of stepped portions 288 which are longitudinally offset from each other the proper distances to cause the stepped portions of the key always to align themselves with the respective tumblers |48 when the key is in the correct lock operating position in the lock. When the tumblers |48 are moved toward the key bit |88 the shoulders |49 on the tumblers engaged with the sides of the stepped portions 286 of the key bit` and the tumblers are thus positioned by the key bit,

The lugs |9| on the end of the key bit member are preferably two in number and are transversely spaced apart of a locking member |94, see Fig. l, that `is embedded in the key blade |88. The locking member |94 has two inclined portions |95 and |98 that are guided in the key blade |88 in such a manner as to cause the lockingmember to be moved toward the key bit |88 when it is moved toward the tip end oi the key blade and to be moved away from the key bit |88 when it is moved toward the lobe end of the key..

A shallow groove 288 is provided in the bottom edge of the separable bit member |88 to receive the top edge of the locking member |84 and thereby cooperate with the locking lug |83 to lock the detachable bit member |88 against transverse displacement.

When the key is inserted in the core the pin 8| will move into the end of the key, as shown in Fig. l, and the locking member |84 and'locking lug 93 will be moved thereby out of engagement with the groove 288 and lugs |9 i. When this occurs the separable key bit |88 will be released as respects the key blade, and the key blade |88 and key bit |88 can be moved sidewise relative to each other. When the separable key bit |88 is locked to the key blade |88, the lugs 8| and i8?, are held beneath the overhanging portions |89 and |88 of the blade, the lug |83 is positioned between the lugs |9| and the locking member |94 is positioned in the groove 288. This binds the bit member firmly and immovably to the key blade and said bit member will Vnot be normally detached from the key blade at any time except when the key is inserted in the core and turned. Also said key bitl will be re-engaged with the blade as the key is being removed from the core.

The combinated portion 288 of the key bit member is narrower than the base portion thereof, as best shown in Fig. 8, to provide on the key bit member, a shoulder 281 that'is adapted to be engaged by an overhanging ledge |18 of the body portion H6 of the outer body member 88. The ledge |18 cooperates with the ribs 8i to trap and hold the key bit |88 securely within the outer body member during the operation of the lock.

Operation The core mechanism shown in Figs. 1 to 25 may be operated, so as to operate a secondary mechanism, throughthrow-member |59, by all keys that have properly combinated detachable bits and which will enter the lock core and align a set of notches, composed of either or both notches |52 and |53, entirely across the series of tumblers |419 therein. These keys may include ordinary operating `keys which will operate only one lock, of a group or series of locks, or various master and ySub-master keys which will operate various groups within the series, and control keys which perform the double function of operating the locks they are made to iit and of removing the primary lock mechanisms or cores of said locks from the housings.

Thus any of said keys may be made to serve as a control key.

The usual operation of this lock by an operating key will now be described:

A key of proper combination is inserted in the core in the usual manner until the stop shoulder |32 rests against the shoulder |33. For this position of the key the key bit |88 will be properly aligned with the tumblers |45 and said key bit 98 will be securely held Within the portion il@ of the outer body member 66, as shown in Fig. 8, with the ledge |13 of the portion Ht being en gaged over the shoulders 2M of the key bit and the ribs 8| engaging with the lower edge portion of said key bit. Also for this position of the key the pin 9|, Fig, l, will be engaged with the pin 299 in the key blade 8d and the locking member |94 in said key blade will-be moved into releasing position as respects the key bit Idd.

To operate the lock, after insertion of the key as described in the preceding paragraph, said key is turned in a clockwise direction. As the key begins to move clockwise the key bit and outer body member S5 will remain stationary but the inner body member 55 and spacers lfl'f, which are connected with the inner body member 65 through the lugs |55, will be angularly moved with the key. Movement of the spacers Ii-'i will move the several tumblers E45, which are frictionally connected with the spacers |67, until the shoulders |49 of the respective tumblers idd engage with the stepped portions 269 of the key bit. When each tumbler Mii engages with the key bit it will be stopped and will not rotate any further until the key bit begins to move. Preferably this movement of the key bit and outer body member 66 will begin at the end of about forty degrees movement of the key. I term this forty degrees the pick-up movement as diagrammatically shown in Fig. 19.

It is during this pick-up movement that all of the tumblers M6 are properly positioned for operation of the lock, provided a key having a proper combination is being used'. II" a key of a wrong combination is being usedv it can be turned through this rst forty degrees of pick-up movement and through the trial zone of operation but cannot be turned beyond the unlocking trial zone because the tumblers t5 will not be properly aligned to receive the lock control bar |99 and further operation of the lock will be prevented.

At the time the key is inserted in the lock the outer body member including the portion l shown in Figs. 23 and 22, will be locked to the end plate M9 by the engagement of the portion |3| of locking slide ld in the recess |32 and by engagement of the edge |34 with the cam surface |35 and by the abutting relation of the end portion i3d of said locking slide i3d against the wall of end flange 86. As long as the outer body member 56, thus. remains locked to the housing di) it cannot be moved rotatively and the key bit its 12 will be held in a xed position while the 'tumblers |45 are moved into engagement with said key ibit.

When the key handle yand inner body mem- -ber 65 begin to move clockwise from the initial or starting position the recess |39 in the end flange 315 begins to move toward the locking slide |30, Fig. 22. By the time the key and :inner body member 65 have completed their clockwise movement through the pick-up portion of their cycle the recess |39 will be substantially in registration with the conical end portion |38 of the locking slide |39` but the position of the locking slide |30 will not have changed,

However, when the key and inner body member d5 reach the end of the pick-up movement, Fig. 19, in a clockwise direction the shoulder |28 of the inner body member 65 will contact the shoulder i8, Fig. 3, of the outer body member 66.

Thereafter, uponv further movement of the key and inner body member in a clockwise direction, the outer body member will be rotatively moved therewith and the locking slide |39 will be longitudinally moved to the right, as respects .the showing in Figs. 22 and 23. rlhis releases the engagement of the locking slide |39 with the end plate |139 and moves the cone shaped end portion |38 of said locking slide |39 into the recess |39 thus locking the inner and outer body members 65 and 56, Fig. 24, together.

Also at substantially the end olf the pick1up portion of the stroke, i. e., at the end of forty degrees of clockwise movement of the key and inner body member 65, the end |65 oi" bevelled surface piece ||2 riveted to the bar extension |93, Fig. 18, will beginto move the cam surface |42 and the` spring |97 will begin to move the longitudinally movable bolt member 64, Fig. 24, inwardly. This will cause the inclined ribs |I`2 on thel portion 8l, Figs. 18 and 20, to tend to move the cooperating inclined ribs and the lock control bar |99 outwardly toward the notches |52 and |53 in the tumblers |48. If the key is of a proper combination and the tumblers |43 are properly positioned so that a set of the deeper notches |52 are lined up acrossY the tumblers. then the lock control bar 99, which is being urged toward the notches |52 by the spring itil will drop into the notches |52 and operation of the lock can continue on to the end of the operating cycle, Fig. 19, and will be stopped atthe end of saidv operating cycle.

The trial portion of the cycle during which the spring |91 is urging the lock control bar |09 into the notches |52 is, preferably the succeeding twenty degrees beyond the end of the pickup portion, see Fig. 19, and the operating; por tion of the cycle is` the succeeding sixty degrees beyond' trial portion. The usual operating keys will only turn the lock core through these three cyclesbut a control key will turn the lock core through a further ,control cycle of operation, preferably of sixty degrees and bring said core to a position where it may be removed from the housing.

Obviously the ang-les through which the key isturned for pick-up, trial, operating and control may be varied in the design of the lock', the angles, herein described being merely illustrative of one. set of angles by which this sequence of' operations can be satisfactorily carried' out'.

When the three members 53, td and B5 of the core, Fig. 24, first begin tomove clockwise from the starting position theI stopl lugs 98, 99 and |36, Figs. .13, 17 and 24, on theV crescent shaped: end

plate 9;?? of' bolt member 5d will bein the annular path of the xed housing lugs 48, 494 and 5i), Fig. 17, but can be moved substantially sixty degrees clockwise, see Fig. 13, beifore they are stopped by the lugs 48, 49 and 59. This makes it possible to operate the lock mechanism through the pickup and trial portions `of the cycle with any key of the type disclosed that can be inserted therein even though the key bit is not cut to the right combination.

However, for the lock to be operated beyond the end of the trial position it is necessary that the bolt member 54, which carries the lugs 98, 59 and |59, should be moved endwise, to the left as respect the showing in Figs. 1 and 17, far enough so that the lugs 95, 55 and |55 will be clear of the lugs 48, 49 and 55. The lugs 55, 55 and |55 must be thus in the clear by the time the lock parts have reached the end of the trial position in their. clockwise movement.

Also it is necessary that the lugs 98, 99 and |55 should be moved to the left, Fig. 17, without interfering with the housing lugs 5| to 55 inclusive until `the end of the operating stroke, at which time the lugs 58, 99 and |55 are in contact with, and stopped by, the three lugs 54, 56 and 52 respectively.

This movement to the left, as respects the showing in Figs. 1 and 17, of the lugs 98, 59 and of bolt member 54 is controlled by three cooperating elements. These elements are, the lock control bar |55, the inclined cam surfaces |42 and |43 and adjacent surfaces olf end plate |45, and the spring |51.

.The lock control bar l |35 must find the notches |52 or notches |53 or a combination of notches |52 and |53 of the tumbler rings properly aligned before it can be moved into said notches by the spring |57. The inclined cam surfaces |42 and |43 and adjacent surfaces of end plate |50 must control endwise movement of the bar extension |03 and the bolt member ,54 and lugs 58, S9 and |00 carried thereby, in such a manner that the lugs 98, 99 and |55 will clear the lugs 45, 49 and 55, and Will not interfere with the housing lugs 5| to 56 inclusive until the operation of the lock is completed. If the lock control bar |59 has dropped only into properly aligned deep notches |52 in the tumblers, the lugs 95, 99 and |90 will clear the lugs 48, 139 and 55 and will then be guided past certain of the lugs 5| to 55 inclusive, after which the end piece 2|2 and bar extension lilwill ride over the inclined cam surface |45 and the lugs 55, 9S and |55 will move into the annular path of the .lugs 5I to 55 inclusive and will be stopped by lugs 54, 55 and 52 at the end olf the operating period of the cycle.

The dotted lines in Fig. 17 illustrate the paths of movement of the lugs 98, 99 and |59 in bypassing some of the housing lugs 5| to 55 inelusive. For instance, the lug 98 first moves in a straight line until it is substantially alongside of the lug lil. Then, as the inclined cam surface |42 at the end of the bar extension |53, Fig. 18, allows the bar extension |03 and bolt member 64, Fig. 24, to move to the left, this lug 98 moves angularly, clockwise and to the left,.Fig. 17, until it is in the pathway between the set of lugs 48 to 50 and the set of lugs` 5| to 55. Then said lug moves clockwise, as end piece 2|2 and the bar extension |03 rides on the flat surface of end plate |40, until it has by-passed lug 53. Then, as end piece 2 Zand the end of the bar extension 03 rides down over the inclined cam surface |43. this lug 58 moves angularly, clockwise and to the left, the same being downwardly in Fig. 17,

vthe bit uppermost.

into line with the lug 54 and comes to a stop against the lug 54 at the end of a key movement of one hundred twenty degrees.

In a similar manner `the lugs 99 and lill) move simultaneously with the lug 58 to by-pass the respective lugs 55 and 5| and come to a stop against the lugs 55 and 52 respectively.

In a counterclockwise or return movement of the key and core mechanism the inclined cam surfaces |43 and |42 will cause the lugsi, 99 and |50 to follow, in a counterclockwise or reverse direction, the paths just previously described back to the starting position.

Thus in the normal operation of the lock for the purpose of retracting a secondary mechanism a properly bitted operating key is inserted, with This key is then turned through an angle of substantially one hundred twenty degrees to first properly align the tumblers and position vthe lock control bar |59 in the tumbler notches and then to impart a turning movement of substantially ninety degrees to the throw member |59 which protrudes from the end of the lock housing. Thus the sixty degree operating movement of the key produces a ninety degree movement of the throw member |59.

In the pick-up movement of an ordinary operating key, Fig. 19, the key bit |58 will remain stationary and the tumblers |45 will be frictionally moved into engagement with said key bit and a set of deeper notches |52 will be lined up with lock control bar |59 entirely across the set of tumblers.

Upon further clockwise movement of the operating key through the trial portion of its cycle the lock control bar |59 will be moved into the aligned notches |52 thus allowing the movable lugs 98, 99 and |95 to clear the respective housing lugs 49, 5|) and 48 so that clockwise movement of the key may be continued through the operating portion of the cycle.

During movement through the operating portion of the cycle the end piece 2|2 of bar extension |53 will pass over the inclined cam surf face |43 and rotation will be stopped at the end of the operating cycle by engagement of the lugs 98, 99 and |55 with the housing lugs 5,4, 55 and 52.

At the time the key begins to move clockwise from the starting position the interrupted gear member |'||-|'l2 oi the throw mechanism will simultaneously begin to move clockwise from the position shown in Figs. 3 and 4. In the starting position the long teeth |59 of the gear segments |55 are resting on the circumferential portion of the gear member |12 and the end of one shorter tooth I 70 of each gear segment |55 is pointed toward the center of interrupted gear member Ill and positioned so that it will move along one of the smooth peripheral surfaces |75 of said interrupted gear member i'H.

During clockwise movement of the key through the pick-up and trial portion of its cycle the interrupted gear member Ill-|12 will move 1'0- tatively without turning the gear segments |55 on their axes. At substantially the time the key reaches the end of the trial portion of its movement a short tooth |75 of each gear segment |55 will be engaged by a tooth |74 of the gear member and the gear segments` 55 will begin to move rotatively, the long teeth |59 entering the recesses |'l| and |15, see Figs. 4. and 3.

These gear segments |55, as illustrated, preferably will be rotated through an angle of substantiallyninety degrees while the key and gear member lli-,|12 are moving clockwise through `the sixty degree operating portieri of the cycle. The recesses |77 and |16 recelve'the longer 'teeth 69 as the gear segments 165 rotate. At the end ci about ninety degrees of rotary movement of the gear segments |65 the long tooth |69 'of each gear segment |65 will again rest on a peripheral portion of the gear member |72 and will prevent further rotary movement of the Vgear segments v|65 in the event the -key is turned -beyond the end of the operating portion of the cycle. The only key that can and will be vturned vbeyond the end of the operating portion of the cycle is a control key when it is being used for #the removal -of the core from the housing, as described in my -copending application Serial No. 572,907.

Rotation of the gear segments |65 is transmitted directly to the gear segments ISI which, in the present instance, act through the gear member "|60 to rotatively move the throw member |59 through the same angle as the gear segments I|65 and 16| Abut in the opposite direction.

From the above described operation of the throw mechanism it will be `apparent that said throw mechanism provides sufficient lost motion at `the beginning of the lcycle of loperation of the key to prevent turning of the throw member |159 while fthe key and parts of the lock mechanism are `bein-g moved through the pick-up and trial portions of their cycle. Also it will be apparent that this throw mechanism will transmit substantially ninety degrees 4of rotary movement to the throw member 159 while the key and core are moving through substantially sixty degrees of the operating portion of the cycle. Also it will be apparent that this throw mechanism is capable of providing for substantially sixty degrees of lost motion beyond the 'end of the operating portion of the cycle in lthe event the lock core is to be removed from the housing. Obviously `other desired gear ratios between the key operated throw member 61 and the throw member |59 and 'degrees or lazy motion both before and after the operating .cycle can be obtained by varying the relative sizes of the gear members lol and |60 and related parts.

This throw mechanism is further adapted to provide corresponding inverse lost motion and rotary motion of `the several parts of the throw mechanism as va key in the lock is rotatively moved in a -counterclockwise direction from the end of the operating or control position 'back to the-starting position.

I-n many types of locks the throw mechanism herein -disclosed is enlarged and changed in many ways. For instance the hub oi one of the gear segments may be made the main throw mem ber in the secondary lock mechanism vin case it is desirable that the throw member be oi center as respects the lock housing. vSuch a set-up 'is disclosed in U. S. Letters Patent No. 2,138,356, issued December 6, 1938.

When this structure is used vthe throw pin 'is aligned on the axis of the core and any forcible rotating of core and housing lcould not unlock the secondary lock.

Any desired degree of master'keying and submasterkeying may be provided 'in this -core by the use of more than one of the deeper .notches in any desired number of the tumblers. In the lock shown in Figs. 1 to 24 `one billion different combinations are possible.

Having .thus described my invention, what I claim as new and desire to protectby Letters Patent of the United States of America is:

1. In a lock core, consisting of a key-operable primary lock mechanism adapted to complement a secondary 'look mechanism, the combination of elements comprising a face member, an inner body member land a throw member, integrally joined to form a core lframe, a keyway in'said core trame, said core frame having a portion adapted to receive a number of ring tumblers yand means adapted to releasably retain said ring tumblers thereon, said ring tumblers being adapted'to cooperate with key means in said keyway to control operation of said `primary lock mechanism.

2. In a lock core, consisting of a key-operable primary lock mechanism adapted 'to complement a secondary lock mechanism. the combination of elements comprising a face member, an inner body member and a throw member, integrally joined to form a core frame, -a keyway in said core frame, an outer body member carried lby said c-ore frame, 'said outer body member and said core frame jointly providing a round portion adapted 'to receive a number of ring tumblers thereon, and means adapted to -releasab'ly retain said ring tumblers thereon, said ring tumblers being adapted to cooperate with key means Vin said keyway to control operation of said'prirna-ry lock mechanism.

`3. In va llock core, consisting of a key-operable primary lock mechanism adapted to complement a secondary lock mechanism, the combination of elements comprising face member, an inner body member and a throw member integrally joined to form a core frame, a keyway in said core frame, an outer body member carried on said core frame forming an extension of the said keyway in said core frame, said outer -body member and said core frame jointly providing a portion adapted to receive a number 'of ring-shaped tumblers thereon, and means adapted to releasably-retain said ring tumblers thereon, said ringlike tumblers being adapted to cooperate with key means in said keyway and said extension thereof to control operation of said primarylock mechanism.

4. I-n a lock core, consisting of a Vkey-operable primary lock vmechanism adapted to complement a secondary lock mechanism, the combination of elements comprising a Vface member, an inner body member and a throw member, integrally joined to form a core frame, a keyway in said core frame, an outer body mem-ber carried on said core frame adjusted to a limited rotary movement relative to said core frame, said outer body member forming an extension of said keyway in said core frame, said outer body member and said core `frame jointly providing a portion adapted to receive a number of ring-shaped tumblers thereon, fand means adapted lto releasably retain said ring tumblers thereon, said ring-like tumblers being adapted to cooperate with a keyyblade in said core frame and va separable key lbit in said extension of said keyway in said outer body member to control operation of said primary lock mechanism.

5. In a lock core, consisting of a key-operable primary lock mechanism Aadapted to complement a secondary `lock mechanism, the combination of elements comprising a face member, an inner bodymember and a throw member, integrally joined to form a core frame, a keyway in said core frame, an outer body member carried on said -core fra-me adjusted to a limited rotary movement relative to said core frame, said outer body member forming an extension of said keywayin said core frame, said outer body member and said core frame jointly providing a round portion adapted to receive a number of ringshaped tumblers thereon, means adapted to releasably retain said tumblers thereon, said tumblers being adapted to cooperate with a key blade insaid corerframe and a separable key bit in said extension of said keyway in said outer body member ,to control operation of said primary lock member mounted on said inner body member and adapted to limited rotary movement relative thereto, and a locking. slide carried by said outer body member adapted to control the relative movement of the -outer body member relative to the inner body member.

7.; In a lock core, consisting of a key-operable primary lock mechanism adapted to complement a secondary lock mechanism, the combination of elements comprising a face member, an inner body member and a throw member, integrally joined to form a rigid core frame, an outer body member carried on Vsaid core frame, an-d a locking slide mounted in said outer body member and adapted to selectively lock said outer body member to said secondary lock mechanism and Vto said core frame.

8. In a lock core, consisting of a key-operable pril .ary lock mechanism adapted to complement a secondary lock mechanism, the combination of elements comprising a'face member,` an inner body `member and a throw member, integrally joined to form a rigid core frame, an outer body member mounted on said inner body Vmember, saidfouter body member being trapped against endwise motion and limited in its rotative motion on said inner body member, and a locking slide carried by said outer body member adapted to selectively lock said outer body member to said innerbody member and to a part of said secondary lock mechanism. Y

9; In a lock core, consisting of a key-operable primary lock mechanism adapted to complement a secondary lock mechanism, the combination of elements comprising a face member, an inner body member and a 'throw member, integrally joined to form an integral core frame, an outer body member carriedv by said inner body member, said outer body member being trapped against endwise motion and limited in its rotative motion on said inner body member, and a locking slide carried by said outer` body member adapted to lock said outer body member to said secondary lock mechanism during one portion of the cycle of operation of said primary lock mechanism and to lock said outer body member to said core frame during; another portion of the cycle of operation oi said primary lock mechanism.

lo.' In a lock core, consisting of a key-operable primary lock mechanism adapted to complement a secondary lock mechanism, the combination of elements comprising a face member, an inner body member and a throw member, integrally joined to form a rigid core frame, a keyway in said core frame, an -outer body member, having an extension of said keyway, carried by said core frame, and key-operable means adapted to disassemble and assemble a key bit from and into a key blade,respectively, in the operation of the said primary lock mechanism.

11. Ina lock core, consisting.v of a key-operable primary lockm-echanism adapted to complement -a secondary lock mechanism, `the combination of elements comprising a iace member, aninner body member and a throw. member, integrally Y joined to form a rigid core frame, a keyway in said' core `frame, `an outer body member, having an extension of said keyway, carried by said core `said coreframe,` at the beginning ofthe unlocking movement `of the said primary lock mecha- 12. In a lock core, consisting of a key-operable primarylock mechanism adaptedlto complement `asecondary lock mechanism, .the combination of,

elements comprising a `faceniember', an inner body member and a throw member, 'integrally joined to` form `a rigid core`rame,fa :keyway in said core frame, an outer body member, having 1an extension of 4said keyway, carried'by said core frame, and key-operablemeans adapted to assemble-fa separable key bit, occupying the said keyway extension 'in said outer .body member, into a key blade occupying the `said keyway in i said core frame, at the iend of the lockingv movement ofthe said primarylock mechanism.

13.V In a lock core, consisting of a key-operable primary lock mechanism adapted to complement a secondary lockmechanism, the combination of elements comprisingfa face'member, an inner j body member and a throw :member,iintegrally joined to form'a rigid` core frame,a keyway in said core frame, and a bolt member carried by said core frame and adapted to limit the rotative` movements `of the saidvcore within the said sec.-

ondary lock mechanism; A r

14. In a lock core,l consisting of a key-operable primary lock mechanism'adapted to complement aA secondary `1ockmechanism,the combination of elements comprising a face member, an inner body member and a throw member, integrally joined to` form a rigid core frame, `a keyway in said core `frame,'a bolt member carried by said core frame and adapted to limit the rotative movement of the said core, relative to `said secondary lock mechanism, and lock control bar means, carried by said bolt means, adapted to control said bolt member.

15. In a lock core, consistingof a key-operable l primary lock mechanism adapted to complement a secondary lock mechanism, the combination of elements comprising a face member, an inner body" member and a throw;member, integrally joined to form a rigid core frame, a keyway in said core frame, a bolt member, carried ,in said core frame controlling the rotary movement of said core in said secondary lock mechanism, lock control bar means, substantially `as set fortln carried by said bolt member and controlling the movements of said bolt member, and ring tumbler means enveloping said inner body member, said bolt member and said lock control bar means, allA built into a cylindrical form and all adapted to function as disclosed.

16. In a lock core, consisting of a key-operable primary lock mechanism adapted to complement a secondary lock mechanism, the combination of elements comprising a face member, an inner body member and a throw member, integrally .19 Y joinedf to, form a rie-id, core trama. a keyway in said core frame, and, a. tumhler-receiying portion ofzsaideorerrame adapted-,tolse telescored Within a stack of .ring .tumblers separated byfrizne'sracels and releasa'bly securedinnlaceon said core frame by snap .ring means.. all adapted. 15o-form a cyundricallcck core. i

1'7'.l In a lock ocra. corsisti-ng4 of a key-operated primary lock mehanism adapted to .complement e. ksecondary look mechanismr the. combinationof elementscomprisingg'a .face member, an inner body member and ,a'throw -mzembe1. integrally joined to. form-a 'rigid .eoreiramafa keyway longitudinai orsaideoreiframel.said inner body member being adapted turbeV telescopen, within-a; stackof ring vtumblers.:separated byzring spacers, said tumblers and spacers being releasably secured on. said innerbody member bysnanring, means, sai-d spa-cera having. inwardly extending; lugs that are engaged la. longitudinal groove along. the said .inner body member..

18. In alockcore, consisting ci a key-operable primary :lookfmechanism :adantedto complement a secondary- -1oek mechanism thee-combination of .elementsycompri-singi a-xracemembea. an body member .and a, throw member, integrally joined to. form .a rigid .core fiamma heywayv saidf ocre frame, and :a rotse-oi.outward-.1yl eXtend.- ing lugs roundabout .race member adapted.

to .engage inwardly extending; lues. within. the.;

said secondaryl lock `:nineclraisxisnr te neleasably: ref.

tain said' lolr core in 'sadzsecondary lockmeehanism.

19'. Inaloekueore, consistngroia keyeoperable. primary lock mechanism adapted toi complement a `secondary lock mechanism, :thereombination of elements. comprising a. face member, an; inner.

body member .andy al throwmenrberlirrtegrally joined: to roem a rigideorerrame, abolt. member within the `come frame. adapted to.. slight; motion endwise of the core, and a pluralityeipihs -onzsaid-- bol-t member ertemiing-v endwisez 'oi the loch core anld` lit-itin@ corresponding holes inethef iacememf ber to. prevent 'independent rotary incitement of.

thesaid "bolt member relativer to'. .the said corev frame...

2oz. In a lock` core, consisting: or a` keyieoperatedy primary lock mechanism adaptedtofcomplement a secondary locky mechanism, the combination of elements comprising' a; face' member, an inner bod-y member and Va throw. member, integrally joined to formx a. rigidi core frame, a boltmember Within the core frame adaptedI to. slight motion endwise. of the. core. therein, a plurality of.V pins on said. bolt member extending endwise of the. lock core andtting.. corresponding holes in the; face. memberv to prevent mdr-:pendent rotary movement oflthesaidbolt member relative ofthe: said core tra-me, and lugs on said.l bolt member adapted to. engage lugsfwithin said secondary lock mechanism to. limit the: rotary: movement ofthe said. lock core relative to said secondary lookv mechanism.

21. In a lock core .adapted to complement a;

secondary. lock meclianism;'thel combination of elements comprising a facev member, a body memberand a throw/member, said face member havingV asubstantially cylindrical form and. an.

annular row of .lugs adapted to cooperate 'with an annular row of lugs. in a, cylindrical. core 'ree lceiotacle of said. secondary Vlock. mechanism.4 td

releasably retain said coreinsaid o or receptacle; substantially as set forth.

22. In a lock` core adapted, to .complement secondary lock mechanism,v the combination loi elements. comprising .a face memben, a'bdy memrow'oi lugs adapted tocooperate with annular rows-0i -lugsinsaid secondary lock mechanism tolim-itfthe. rotativemoyement of said core insaid Y secondary lockmechanism.

23. Iny a lock core adapted to, complement a secondary lock mechanism, .the combination of. elementseomprising a. face member, body inem# -ber, a bolt `member and ay throw member,y` said` face antibody. rnembersiormng an integral. unit adaptedto carry said. bolt member thereon, saidiacemember .having a` lcylindrical form and an Ianruilar `rowoi lugs. adaptedv to cooperate with arl-.annular row Aof lugs. in a cylindrical. core re,- ceptacle; oi said secondary lock. mechanism, to` releasably Vretain said core in said secondary mechanism, said bolt` member vbeing; locked 1; against independent rotary motion relative, tofsaid.

face and body members but adapted. 'to limited endwise movement. relatiyetosaid facev andfbody members. said bolt. memberv hai/"ing` annular row.- of lugs adapted to.. cooperate, annular roWS. of lugs in said secondary lock. mechanism to limit the rotatiye momementr oi said'corfe. in. said second-ary lockl mechanism;

In a lock. core, two relatively. telescopiccore members a4 plurality Iof ring tumblers rotatively sumlortedoro said two, core. members a-readily removable resilient snap. ring means. securing said. tumblers.l and. said core members inassembled relation providing frictionalengagement between said tumblers and said. core, members.`

25; vIn, a lock. core, two relatively. rotatable .lock core member-sand, resilient snapringymeans extendingaroundY said twoy relativelyrotatable lock.

core membersV and friotional.ly4 connecting said.

two, relatively rotatable lock core members.A as..V

respects rela-tive rotation.

Y Fine-NK ELLIsoN. BEST..

aannemers? errno The following references are.- of. record the.

ille oi this patent:

UNITED. sommes PerENrs. -Y

Iren m sept. 1o,- 1935 

